Saturday, 23 April 2011

UGCNETONLINE | UGC Net 2011 | UGC Online



National Educational Testing (Net) Bureau
UGC National Elgibility Test For Junior Research Fellowship(JRF) and Eligibility For Lectureship – December 2010
EXAM. DATE : 26.06.2011                 NOTIFICATION        CLOSING DATE : 25.04.2011
Last date for receipt of duly completed Application Forms at the respective Test Centres is 30.04.2010 Candidates should submit their Application Forms only to the Registrar of the university from where they wish to appear in the Test as indicated in item 10 below. The application must be strictly as per the prescribed format.. APPLICATION SENT DIRECTLY TO THE UGC OFFICE WILL NOT BE ENTERTAINED
The University Grants Commission announces holding of the National Eligibility Test (NET) on 26th June 2011 (Sunday) for determining the eligibility of Indian nationals for the Award of Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) and Eligibility for Lectureship in Indian universities and colleges. UGC will conduct NET in 78 (seventy eight including ‘Bodo’ as a new subject) subjects (listed under item no. 9) at 74 (Seventy four) selected University Centres (listed under Item no. 10) spread across the country.
The result of the UGC-NET held on 26th December 2010 and the one to be held on 26th June 2011 will be made available on the UGC websites: www.ugc.ac.in and www.ugcnetonline.in and shall also be published in the Employment News as and when it is declared. The candidates will not be individually intimated about their result.
The candidates who qualify for the award of Junior Research Fellowship are eligible to pursue research in the subject of their post-graduation or in a related subject and are also eligible for lectureship. The universities, institutions, IITs and other national organizations may select the JRF awardees for whole time research work in accordance with the procedure prescribed by them. The award of JRF will depend on the performance of the candidate in all three papers of NET. However, the candidates qualifying exclusively for lectureship will not be considered for award of JRF. Candidates appearing in NET should clearly specify in the prescribed Application Form whether they are applying for both JRF & eligibility for Lectureship OR only for eligibility for Lectureship. Candidates who qualify the Test for eligibility for Lectureship will be governed by the rules and regulations for recruitment of lecturers of the concerned universities/colleges/state governments, as the case may be.
Scheduled Caste (SC)/Scheduled Tribe (ST)/Visually Handicapped (VH)/Physically Handicapped (PH) / Other Backward Classes (OBC) (Non-creamy layer), as per the central list of Other Backward Classes available on National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC), Government of India website : www.ncbc.nic.in, candidates will be given such special concessions as may be decided by the Commission.
2) JUNIOR RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP :




Candidates qualifying for the award of Junior Research Fellowship will be eligible to receive fellowship of UGC under various schemes, subject to finding their placement in universities/IITs/institutions. The validity period of the offer is two years w.e.f. the date of issue of JRF Award Letter. However, in case the candidates have already joined M.Phil/Ph.D., the date of commencement of fellowship shall be from the date of declaration of NET result or date of their joining, whichever is later.


UGC NET ELIGIBILITY :


AGE LIMIT & RELAXATION :
   
i)  
Junior Research Fellowship: Not more than 28 years as on 01.06.2011. A relaxation upto 5 years is provided to the candidates belonging to SC/ST/OBC/PH/VH categories and to women applicants. Relaxation will also be provided to the candidates having research experience, limited to the period spent on research in the relevant/related subject of post-graduation degree, subject to a maximum of 5 years, on production of a certificate from appropriate authority. Three years’ relaxation in age will be permissible to the candidates possessing L.L.M. Degree. Total age relaxation on the above ground(s) shall not exceed five years under any circumstances.
   
ii)  
Lectureship: There is no upper age limit for applying for lectureship eligibility.

CONDITIONS OF ELIGIBILITY
i) Candidates who have secured at least 55% marks (without rounding off) in Master’s Degree OR equivalent examination from universities/institutions recognised by UGC in Humanities (including languages) and Social Sciences, Computer Science & Applications, Electronic Science etc. are eligible for this Test. The Scheduled Caste (SC)/Scheduled Tribe (ST)/Physically Handicapped (PH)/Visually Handicapped (VH) category candidates who have secured at least 50% marks (without rounding off) in Master’s degree or equivalent examination are eligible for this Test.
ii) Candidates who have appeared OR will be appearing at the qualifying Master’s degree (final year) examination and whose result is still awaited OR candidates whose qualifying examinations have been delayed may also apply for this Test. However, such candidates will be admitted provisionally and shall be considered eligible for award of JRF/Lectureship eligibility only after they have passed their Master’s degree examination or equivalent with at least 55% marks (50% marks in case of SC/ST/PH/VH category candidates). Such candidates must complete their P.G. degree examination within two years from the date of NET result with required percentage of marks, failing which they shall be treated as disqualified.
iii) The Ph.D. degree holders whose Master’s level examination had been completed by 19th September, 1991 (irrespective of date of declaration of result) shall be eligible for a relaxation of 5% in aggregate marks (i.e., from 55% to 50%) for appearing in NET.
iv) Candidates are advised to appear in the subject of their post-graduation only. The candidates whose post-graduation subject is not covered in the list of subjects in item No. 9, may appear in a related subject.
v) Candidates seeking concession in fee are required to submit attested copy of their OBC(Non-creamy layer)/SC/ST/PH/VH certificate along with online printout of their Application Forms (obtained while applying on-line). Other candidates are not required to submit any certificates/documents in support of their eligibility alongwith printout of their Application Form. Therefore, the candidates, in their own interest, must satisfy themselves about their eligibility for the Test. In the event of any ineligibility being detected by the Commission at any stage, their candidature will be cancelled and they shall be liable for legal action.
vi) Candidates with post-graduate diploma/certificate course(s), should in their own interest, ascertain the equivalence of their course(s) with Master’s degree of recognized Indian universities from Association of Indian Universities (AIU), New Delhi. (www.aiuweb.org)
4) AGE LIMIT & RELAXATION :
i) Junior Research Fellowship : Not more than 28 years as on 01.06.2010. A relaxation upto 5 years is provided to the candidates belonging to SC/ST/OBC/PH/VH categories and to women applicants. Relaxation will also be provided to the candidates having research experience, limited to the period spent on research in the relevant/related subject of post-graduation degree, subject to a maximum of 5 years, on production of a certificate from appropriate authority.


Three years’ relaxation in age will be permissible to the candidates possessing L.L.M. Degree. Total age relaxation on the above ground(s) shall not exceed five years under any circumstances.


ii) Lectureship : No upper age limit.


5) EXEMPTION (ELIGIBILITY FOR LECTURESHIP) :
i) For M. Phil/ Ph.D candidates: The candidates having Ph.D. Degree in the concerned subject are exempted from NET for Under Graduate and Post Graduate level teaching. The candidates having M. Phil Degree in the concerned subject are exempted from NET for Under Graduate level teaching only. The candidates who have passed the UGC/CSIR JRF examination prior to 1989 are also exempted from appearing in NET.
ii) For SET Candidates: The candidates who have cleared the State Eligibility Test (SET) accredited by UGC for eligibility for Lectureship held prior to 1st June 2003, are exempted from appearing in NET, being eligible to apply for Lectureship anywhere in India. For SET held from 1st June 2003 onwards, the qualified candidates are eligible to apply for the post of lecturer only in the universities/ colleges belonging to the state from where they have cleared their SET. All SET qualified candidates are also eligible to appear in NET, if they so desire.
SCHEME AND DATE OF TEST :
   
i)  
The Test will consist of three papers. All the three papers will be held on 26th June 2011 in two separate sessions as under:
 
Session
Paper  
Marks
Duration
First I 100 1¼ Hours (09.30 A.M. to 10.45 A.M.)
First II 100 1¼ Hours (10.45 A.M. to 12.00 NOON)
Second III 200 2½ Hours (01.30 P.M. to 04.00 P.M.)
   
 
Paper-I shall be of general nature, intended to assess the teaching/research aptitude of the candidate. It will primarily be designed to test reasoning ability, comprehension, divergent thinking and general awareness of the candidate. UGC has decided to provide choice to the candidates from the December 2009 UGC-NET onwards. Sixty (60) multiple choice questions of two marks each will be given, out of which the candidate would be required to answer any fifty (50). In the event of the candidate attempting more than fifty questions, the first fifty questions attempted by the candidate would be evaluated.
   
 
Paper-II shall consist of questions based on the subject selected by the candidate. Each of these papers will consist of a Test Booklet containing 50 compulsory objective type questions of two marks each.
The candidate will have to mark the responses for questions of Paper-I and Paper-II on the Optical Mark Reader (OMR) sheet provided along with the Test Booklet. The detailed instructions for filling up the OMR Sheet will be sent to the candidate along with the Admit Card.
   
 
Paper-III will consist of only descriptive questions from the subject selected by the candidate. The candidate will be required to attempt questions in the space provided in the Test Booklet. The structure of Paper-III has been revised from June 2010 UGC-NET and is available on the UGC website www.ugc.ac.in.  


Paper-III will be evaluated only for those candidates who are able to secure the minimum qualifying marks in Paper-I and Paper-II, as per the table given in the following:
   
 
CATEGORY MINIMUM QUALIFYING MARKS
PAPER - I PAPER - II PAPER - I + PAPER - II
GENERAL 40 40 100 (50 %)
OBC/PH/VH 35 35 90 (45 %)
SC/ST 35 35 80 (40 %)
   
  The minimum qualifying criteria for award of JRF is as follows:
   
 
CATEGORY MINIMUM QUALIFYING MARKS
PAPER - I PAPER - II PAPER - I + PAPER - II PAPER - III
GENERAL 40 40 100 (50 %) 100 (50 %)
OBC/PH/VH 35 35 90 (45 %) 90 (45 %)
SC/ST 35 35 80 (40 %) 80 (40 %)
   
 
However, the final qualifying criteria for Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) and Eligibility for Lectureship shall be decided by UGC before declaration of result.
   
ii)  
For Visually Handicapped (VH) candidates thirty minutes’ extra time shall be provided separately for paper-I and Paper-II. For paper-III, forty five minutes’ extra time shall be provided. They will also be provided the services of a scribe who would be a graduate in a subject other than that of the candidate. Those Physically Handicapped (PH) candidates who are not in a position to write in their own hand-writing can also avail these services by making prior request (at least one week before the date of UGC-NET) in writing to the Co-ordinator of the test centre. Extra time and facility of scribe would not be provided to other Physically Handicapped candidates.
   
iii)  
Syllabus of Test: Syllabi for all NET subjects can be downloaded from the UGC Website www.ugc.ac.in and are also available in the libraries of all Indian universities. UGC will not send the syllabus to individual candidates.
   
iv)  
In Paper III, candidate has the option to answer either in Hindi or in English in all subjects except the languages where the candidate is required to write in the concerned language only. In case of Computer Science & Applications, Electronic Science and Environmental Sciences, the question papers have to be answered in English only.
   
v)  
In case of any discrepancy found in the English and Hindi versions, the questions in English version shall be taken as final.
   
   
8)
IMPORTANT :
   
i)  
The national level Test for determining the eligibility of candidates for the award of Junior Research Fellowship/Lectureship in science subjects (Chemical Sciences; Earth, Atmospheric, Ocean & Planetary Sciences; Life Sciences; Mathematical Sciences; Physical Sciences) is conducted jointly with the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi. The candidates in science subjects, desirous of availing UGC-JRF or obtaining eligibility for Lectureship in these subjects are advised to appear in the Joint CSIR-UGC Test for Junior Research Fellowship and Eligibility for Lectureship conducted by CSIR.
   
ii)  
The UGC-NET for JRF/eligibility for Lectureship will be held at the University Test Centres specified in the list under item No. 10. PLEASE NOTE THAT CHANGE OF CENTRE WILL NOT BE ALLOWED UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES.


6) EXAMINATION FEE AND MODE OF PAYMENT :
General Candidates Rs.450/-
Other Backward Classes (Non-creamy layer, as per the Central list of OBC available on website ) Rs.225/-
SC/ST/PH/VH candidates Rs.110/-




7) SCHEME AND DATE OF TEST :
(i) The Test will consist of three papers. All the three papers will be held on 26.06.2011 in two separate sessions as under :
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Session Paper Marks Duration
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
First I 100 1¼ Hours (09.30 A.M. to 10.45 A.M.)
First II 100 1¼ Hours (10.45 A.M. to 12.00 NOON)
Second III 200 2½ Hours (01.30 P.M. to 04.00 P.M.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paper-I shall be of general nature, intended to assess the teaching/research aptitude of the candidate. It will primarily be designed to test reasoning ability, comprehension, divergent thinking and general awareness of the candidate.


Paper-II shall consist of short questions based on the subject selected by the candidate. Each of these papers will consist of a Test Booklet containing 50 objective type questions. The candidate will have to mark the response for each question on the Optical Mark Reader (OMR) sheet provided alongwith the Test Booklet. The detailed instructions for filling up the OMR Sheet will be sent to the candidate along with the Admit Card. Paper-III will consist of only descriptive questions from the subject selected by the candidate. The candidate will be required to attempt questions in the space provided in the Test Booklet. The format of Paper-III has been revised w.e.f. June,2005 UGC-NET and is available on the UGC website www.ugc.ac.in.
Syllabus of UGC NET Test: Syllabi for all NET subjects can be downloaded from the UGC Website www.ugc.ac.in and are also available in the libraries of all Indian universities. UGC will not send the syllabus to individual candidates.
IMPORTANT :
i) The national level Test for determining the eligibility of candidates for the award of Junior Research Fellowship/Lectureship in science subjects (Chemical Sciences; Earth, Atmospheric, Ocean & Planetary Sciences; Life Sciences; Mathematical Sciences; Physical Sciences) is conducted jointly with the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi. Check out CSIR UGC NET The candidates in science subjects, desirous of availing UGC-JRF or obtaining eligibility for Lectureship in these subjects are advised to appear in the Joint CSIR-UGC Test for Junior Research Fellowship and Eligibility for Lectureship conducted by CSIR.


ii) The UGC-NET for JRF/eligibility for Lectureship will be held at the University Test Centres specified in the list under item No. 10. PLEASE NOTE THAT CHANGE OF CENTRE WILL NOT BE ALLOWED UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES.
For more Details, Please visit UGC website
UGC Net 2011 Subjects
The list of NET subjects along with their respective codes are as given below:


01 Economics 02 Political Science 03 Philosophy 04 Psychology 05 Sociology 06 History 07 Anthropology 08 Commerce 09 Education 10 Social Work 11 Defence and Strategic Studies 12 Home Science 14 Public Administration 15 Population Studies* 16 Music 17 Management 18 Maithili 19 Bengali 20 Hindi 21 Kannada 22 Malayalam 23 Oriya 24 Punjabi 25 Sanskrit 26 Tamil 27 Telugu 28 Urdu 29 Arabic 30 English 31 Linguistics 32 Chinese 33 Dogri 34 Nepali 35 Manipuri 36 Assamese 37 Gujarati 38 Marathi 39 French 40 Spanish 41 Russian 42 Persian 43 Rajasthani 44 German 45 Japanese 46 Adult Education/ Continuing Education/ Andragogy/ Non Formal Education. 47 Physical Education 49 Arab Culture and Islamic Studies 50 Indian Culture 55 Labour Welfare/Personnel Management/Industrial Relations/ Labour and Social Welfare/Human Resource Management 58 Law 59 Library and Information Science 60 Buddhist, Jaina, Gandhian and Peace Studies 62 Comparative Study of Religions 63 Mass Communication and Journalism 65 Performing Arts – Dance/Drama/Theatre 66 Museology & Conservation 67 Archaeology 68 Criminology 70 Tribal and Regional Language/Literature 71 Folk Literature 72 Comparative Literature 73 Sanskrit Traditional Subjects (including Jyotis ha/Sidhanta Jyotisha/ Navya Vyakarna/ Vyakarna/ Mimamsa/ Navya Nyaya/ Sankhya Yoga/ Tulanatmaka Darsana/ Shukla Yajurveda/ Madhva Vedanta/ Dharma Sastra/ Sahitya/ Purana-itihasa/Agama/Advaita Vedanta) 74 Women Studies 79 Visual Arts (including Drawing & Painting/Sculpture/ Graphics/Applied Art/History of Art) 80 Geography 81 Social Medicine & Community Health 82 Forensic Science 83 Pali 84 Kashmiri 85 Konkani 87 Computer Science and Applications 88 Electronic Science 89 Environmental Sciences 90 International and Area Studies 91 Prakrit 92 Human Rights and Duties 93 Tourism Administration and Management. * The candidates who have completed their Master’s Degree in Geography (with specialization in Population Studies) or Mathematics/Statistics are also eligible to appear in the subject “Population Studies”(Code 15). Download UGC 2011 Notification

HOW TO APPLY (APPLICATIONS HAVE TO BE SUBMITTED ONLINE) :

i) The candidates are required to download the Bank Challan Performa from the UGC website OR take photocopy from the UGC-NET Notification published in the Employment News and then deposit the requisite test fee in any branch of State Bank of India along with the bank charges (commission) of Rs.20/-.
ii) Before applying Online, the candidates must possess the following : (i) Scanned passport (pp) size photograph in JPEG format of less than 300 kb, (ii) Copy of Bank Challan (fee receipt).
iii) Candidate seeking admission to the Test must apply online (i.e. www.ugcnetonline.in OR through a link available on the UGC website: www.ugc.ac.in).
iv) After successful submission, the candidate should take printout of online Application Form (two copies), Attendance Slip (one copy) and Admission Card (one copy) on separate A-4 size papers.
v) SC/ST/PH/VH candidates and candidates belonging to OBC (non-creamy layer) (as per the Central list of OBC available on website : www.ncbc.nic.in) must enclose the attested copy of certificate for the same.
vi) Candidates seeking age relaxation must enclose the certificate of educational qualification/research experience entitling the candidates for age relaxation. (for details, please see item no. 4).
vii) The Application (consisting of two copies of printout of online application form, one copy of Attendance Slip and one copy of Admission Card) alongwith required documents (as mentioned in item No. 13) must reach the Registrar of the University (UGC Test Centre).
viii) Application received after 02.05.2011 at the Test Centre will be rejected.
ix) Before applying Online, candidates are advised to go through detailed notification available on UGC website and also to be shortly published in the Employment News. Please note that Fee submitted through any other mode like Money Order, Demand Draft, IPO etc. will be summarily rejected.
x) The envelope containing the Application Form should be superscribed “UGC NATIONAL ELIGIBILITY TEST FOR JUNIOR RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP AND ELIGIBILITY FOR LECTURESHIP, JUNE 2011”.
xi) The candidates must affix their recent identical passport size photographs, at the places indicated, on the printout of Online Application Form and must sign across the photograph after it is affixed so that a part of the signature spreads over the Application Form beyond the photograph. Besides, it should be duly attested by the Head of the University Department/Principal of the College/Class-I Gazetted Officer.
xii) In order to avoid last minute rush, the candidates are advised to apply early enough. UGC will not be responsible for network problems or any other problem of this nature.
   
       12)   GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
   
i)  
The candidates must read the conditions of eligibility as given at item no. 3 carefully and must satisfy themselves regarding their eligibility for the Test before filling the online application and submitting the printout of Online Application Forms.
   
ii)  
Candidates will be issued the Admission Card by the respective Test Centres. Candidates should note that their candidature is strictly provisional. The mere fact that Admission Card has been issued to any candidate shall not imply that the Commission has finally accepted his/her candidature.
   
iii)  
UGC may change the centre(s) or date of examination without assigning any reason.
 
iv)  
Applications received after the last date will not be entertained.
 
v)  
No TA will be paid to the candidates.
 
vi)  
Canvassing in any form will disqualify the candidate.
 
vii)  
The decision of the Commission shall be final in all matters.
 
viii)  
All legal disputes pertaining to this Test shall fall within the jurisdiction of Delhi Courts only.
 
ix)  
Candidates should correspond only with their respective Test centres for Admission Card or any other relevant information. UGC will not entertain any requests/queries in this regard.
 
x)  
The use of calculators or Log Tables is not permitted. Cellular phones, pagers etc. are not allowed in the Examination Hall/Room.
 
xi)  
A candidate who does not appear in paper-I, will not be permitted to appear in paper-II and paper-III.
 
xii)  
Candidates will not be allowed to write any question from the Test Booklet on the Admission Card or on any other paper.
   
xiii)  
Those candidates who do not receive their Admission Card (Roll Number) after allotment of the venue of the Test by the coordinator of the respective Test Centre for appearing in the UGC-NET till 23rd June 2010, are advised to contact the office of Registrar/Co-ordinator of their UGC-NET Centres from 24th to 26th June, 2010, with the copy of Admission Card (Provisional) and two identical passport-size photographs duly attested by a gazetted officer. No Admission Card (Roll Number) will be issued on the day of the Test (i.e. 27th June, 2010) under any circumstances. UGC will not be responsible for any delay/non-receipt of the Admission card.
   
xiv)  
The descriptive papers, i.e., Paper-III of language subjects must be answered in the concerned language only.
   
xv)  
Candidates should ensure that the signatures appended and photographs pasted by them in all the places, viz. in their Application Form, Attendance Slip and Admission Card should be identical and there should be no variation of any kind.
   
xvi)  
The candidates in their own interest are requested to keep a photocopy of the Application Form, Admission Care and Attendance Slip for their own record.
   
xvii)  
Applications submitted on any other format (including UGC old format ) will not be accepted.
 
xviii)  
Print out of online application sent directly to the UGC will not be accepted.
 
xix)  
Applications submitted (hard copy) in any other format/form or received after last date will not be accepted.
 
xx)  
Submission of Online Application is mandatory. Hard copies submitted to the Test Centre without online submission, will not be accepted.
   
     13)    ENCLOSURES TO BE SENT WITH THE APPLICATION
   
  The candidates should send the following documents with their application:
 
i)  
Copy of Bank Challan (UGC copy).
 
ii)  
Copy of SC/ST/Visually Handicapped/Physically Handicapped/ OBC (Non creamy layer) certificates, in case applicable.
 
iii)  
certificate of educational qualification/research experience, in case applicable, entitling the candidate for age relaxation, duly attested by a Gazetted Officer.
 
iv)  
Two self addressed unstamped envelopes of 10” X 4” size.


     14)    CHECK LIST FOR FILLING THE ONLINE APPLICATION FORM

  The candidates are advised to ensure the following points carefully before filling the Online Application Forms:
 
i)  
Whether they fulfil the eligibility conditions for the Test as prescribed under the heading ‘CONDITIONS OF ELIGIBILITY’ and ‘AGE LIMIT’.
 
ii)  
That they have filled their CATEGORY, viz., GEN/SC/ST/OBC (non-creamy layer), in the relevant column correctly.
 
iii)  
That the VH/PH candidates have filled the relevant column in the Online Application Form. Only VH/PH candidates have to fill this column and the others have to leave it blank.
 
iv)  
Whether they have signed the printout of Online Application Form Admission Card and Attendance Slip.
 
v)  
Whether they have enclosed the required documents with the application form before submission.
 
vi)  
Whether they have kept a copy of the submitted documents for their own record.

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Friday, 22 April 2011

How to make hard-boiled eggs, and more


Easter: How to make hard-boiled eggs, and more

How-to-make-a-hard-boiled-eggThis is the Easter that you are going to master the hard-boiled egg.
If you are like many of us, you set out to make hard-boiled eggs to decorate for an Easter egg hunt but you typically end up with a stinky kitchen and eggs that are overcooked or cracked. But no more. Pull up a chair and let Times Food Editor Russ Parsons tell you what you've been doing wrong -- and how to make the perfect hard-boiled egg:
"Perhaps the most common problem with hard-boiled eggs is overcooking. That's what happens when the yolks are pale yellow with that familiar green band around the outside. There is frequently the odor of sulfur. This is due to a reaction between traces of iron in the yolk and sulfur in the white. It happens only when the eggs have been overcooked. Perfectly cooked yolks are moist and deep orange. Needless to say, there is no chemical smell. The second-biggest problem is cracked shells that leak yolk and white out into the cooking water. This is caused by too-rapid heating.
How do you avoid these problems? There's one very simple method. Place the eggs in a pan just big enough to hold them in a single layer. Cover them with cold water and bring them to a rolling boil. Cook for one minute, then remove them from the heat. When the water has cooled enough that you can put your hand in (about 20 minutes), the eggs will be perfectly cooked."
From there, you can decorate like you're Martha Stewart and have a ball. And when the Easter Egg hunt is long over, you can use your perfectly hard-boiled eggs to make this egg salad. If you are one of those science types and want to know more, you can read about the science of the hard-boiled egg -- and the rest of Parsons' story -- here. But before you go, check out a veritable Easter basket full of recipe offerings from the L.A. Times Test Kitchen, and more:
--Want to impress your guests? Stuff a leg of lamb. Parsons walks you through it, step-by-step. Photo gallery here.
--Looking for something completely different? How about a look at how Easter in celebrated in Scandinavia, recipes included. And if you're looking for something a bit more traditional, the Times Test kitchen has you covered. Click here.
--It wouldn't be Easter without a chocolate bunny. Take a spin through this photo gallery look at our favorite Easter candies. What's your favorite Easter candy?
--Finally, please let us know how you're celebrating this special time of the year, and the special dishes you prepare for your family. Upload your Seder and Easter photos here so we can all enjoy them.
-- Rene Lynch
twitter.com / renelynch

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Mr Perfect Review | Mr Perfect Songs | Mr Perfect Movie Review

Performances :

Prabhas :
 Once again its his show. He is awesome as Vicky.He looked dashing with his new lookHis costumes are great.he used more of blue colored trousers n shirts. He got amazing screen presence as usual.

Kajal :
Oh Man!! this girl is awesome in this film.She got a very traditional role.she looked fab and her performance was good.

Tapsee : Oh ya !! This girl can act. She looked awesome and delivered good performance. Her own dubbing (heard some where) is an advantage.

There is huge star cast like brhami,raghubabu,murali mohan,shayaji shinde,prakash raj,K Viswanath,Kasi Viswanath,sameer and so on. and there is some miscasting too.

Technical departments : 

Music : 3 songs are good on screen. BGM is neat and good at parts but could have been better.

Editing : Editing is good. Kaani second half lo konni scenes length thagginchi unte baavundemo?

Cinematography : Major strength for the movie after 3 lead actor performances. His work in first half stand outs as in second half its good.


Story-Screenplay-Direction : Pretty ordinary story. Santosham story ni flip chesi, bommaraillu lo sid charatcer ni flip chesi hero ki add chesi, neeku nachinattu unte konchem happiness, naluguru ki nachinattu unte entho happiness ane plot chuttu scenes raasukunnaaru. Base plot is good development lone konni errors unnayi. Screenplay would have been more gripping, narrative is alright in firts half. Serious scenes ki silly reasons ni base ga chupinchtam tho raavalsina impact raaledu,adi oka set back.Diretcion is alright. Konni logical flaws ni cinematic liberty ni thagginchukuni unte inka appeal ayyedi ani naa feeling. Seocnd half seems little slow with heavy dose of heavy scenes. there is no heart touching scenes but there are scenes that are appealing, thats all.
Overall ga it has good first half and second half is a let down,it could have been better. There is nothing that can actually cater Masses, Families ki nachithe Avg avuthundi and families ni theaters ki thevali ante aggressive promotion is needed. Dilraju is damn good at promotion kabatti It may end up as a Average. Remember, Its a summer release with all other April releases being duds.Give it a try for Prabahs darling to kill your time.Not a must watch a recommendation though !! Range depends on how family audience going to receive it.If they likes second half range will be unpredictable though and keep in mind families love prabhas.


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What is Rhinoplasty?


With rhinoplasy being the second most popular plastic surgery procedureperformed in 2004 (according to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons), nose surgery is moving from the realm of the rich and famous into the homes of regular people like you and me. Now that this procedure is more accessible than ever, it’s only natural that you will be exposed to a lot of information about it – some true, some doubtful, some downright false. In this article, we’ll try to address some of the most popular misconceptions surrounding rhinoplasty.
1. Every plastic surgeon can do a rhinoplasty surgery – Technically, yes. Most plastic surgeons will have rhinoplasty on their list of performed procedures. However, that doesn’t mean that every plastic surgeon can achieve good rhinoplasty results. Rhinoplasty is a challenging procedure, both from a medical and an artistic point of view. A plastic surgeon must have a thorough understanding of the internal anatomy of the nose and the workings of the respiratory system, so that the reshaped nose is not only aesthetically pleasing, but also fully functional. Since the nose is such a major factor in our face’s overall appearance, the plastic surgeon also needs to have a strong sense of artistry, to create a nose that fits beautifully with the rest of the patient’s face.
2. Rhinoplasty is motivated by vanity – Despite the widely-held belief that people get nose surgery solely for cosmetic reasons, it’s not uncommon for this procedure to correct breathing problems (e.g. a septum deviation) in addition to enhancing the appearance of the nose. At the same time, it has been established that in patients who are unhappy with the appearance of their nose, having rhinoplasty may lead to a physical and emotional transformation that will enhance their self-confidence and ultimately their quality of life. From this perspective, the effect of rhinoplasty is comparable more to a therapeutic treatment than a selfish gratification for the patient’s vanity.
3. Rhinoplasty is painful – Unlike other plastic surgery procedures like breast implants or tummy tuck, rhinoplasty is not usually painful. Most surgeons perform rhinoplasty under general anesthesia, so you will be fully asleep and will not feel a thing. After the surgery, you will have a small nose cast for 7 to 10 days, during which you will most likely feel congested, as if having a cold. The area around your nose and eyes may be swollen and bruised (especially if your nasal bones have been reshaped); however, the overall discomfort you will experience after the surgery is minimal.
4. Everyone will notice you had a nose job – If your nose requires a major change – like removing a large bump – people around you might indeed notice the difference in your nose. However, if your nose needs only a refinement of the bridge or tip, chances are the perceived change in your appearance will be less dramatic than you anticipate. After all, nobody is as intimately familiar with your facial features as you are, so making a minor change to them may not be very obvious to the outside world. Also, keep in mind that a good surgeon will avoid providing you with an “operated-looking nose”, and instead will strive to achieve a balance between your reshaped nose and the rest of your facialfeatures, so they naturally complement each other.
5. Rhinoplasty will get you the nose of your dreams – While having rhinoplasty can dramatically improve the appearance of your nose, there are certain limitations to what a plastic surgeon can do, based on your given bone and skin structure. At the same time, there is a chance that you won’t be fully satisfied with the results of your surgery. Statistics show that between 10% and 15% of rhinoplasty surgeries require a secondary procedure, to either enhance or correct the results of the first. This is sometimes due to the nose healing and developing in ways that the surgeon cannot predict or control. In other cases, the patients’ dissatisfaction with the final results is due to poor communication with the doctor about the intended outcome of the surgery. However, this occurrence is an exception rather than the rule, since most patients report to be happier with their physical appearance after the surgery than before.
So what is the key to successfully achieving the nose of your dreams? Going back to point one – it’s carefully researching, selecting and communicating with your surgeon! How long has he or she been performing nose surgeries? What is their surgical accreditation? What does their safety record look like? Take a good luck at images of his or her rhinoplasty patients – does their reshaped nose measure up to your idea of beauty? Can you picture your own nose looking like that? If you do, the next step consists in ensuring that both you and your surgeon have a very clear understanding of what you expect your nose to look like and what is attainable from a medical point of view. Armed with good knowledge and a positive attitude, you’re on your best way to achieving a more attractive and confident YOU!


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Thursday, 21 April 2011

What is the history of Earth Day?


What is the history of Earth Day? 

What is the history of Earth Day? EPA Planet Polls. According to Gaylord Nelson Earth Day worked because of spontaneous response at the grassroots level.
Thirty-five years before Al Gore's An Inconvenient Truth made global warming a household term and the green movement went mainstream, some 20 million people across the United States celebrated the first Earth Day, on April 22, 1970. Today, more than 1 billion people around the world take part in the event.
Earth Day History
Until that time, protecting the planet's natural resources was not part of the national political agenda. Factories pumped pollutants into the air, lakes and rivers with few legal consequences, big, gas-guzzling cars were considered a sign of prosperity and few Americans were familiar with recycling. Senator Gaylord Nelson, a Democrat from Wisconsin who was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1962, was determined to wake up the federal government to the fact that the earth was at risk. In 1969, Nelson, considered one of the leaders of the modern environmental movement, developed the idea for Earth Day.
Nelson announced the Earth Day concept at a conference in Seattle in the fall of 1969 and invited the entire nation to get involved. As he later recalled: "The wire services carried the story from coast to coast. The response was electric. It took off like gangbusters. Telegrams, letters and telephone inquiries poured in from all across the country. The American people finally had a forum to express its concern about what was happening to the land, rivers, lakes and air—and they did so with spectacular exuberance."
Dennis Hayes, a young activist who had served as student president at Stanford University, was selected as Earth Day's national coordinator, and he worked with an army of student volunteers and several staff members from Nelson's Senate office to organize the project. According to Nelson: "Earth Day worked because of the spontaneous response at the grassroots level. We had neither the time nor resources to organize 20 million demonstrators and the thousands of schools and local communities that participated. That was the remarkable thing about Earth Day. It organized itself."
On April 22, rallies were held in Philadelphia, Chicago, Los Angeles and "most other American cities," according to the Environmental Protection Agency. "In fact, 80 percent of all observances were urban affairs." In New York City, Mayor John Lindsay closed off a portion of Fifth Avenue to traffic for several hours and spoke at a Union Square rally with actors Paul Newman and Ali McGraw. In Washington, D.C., thousands of people listened to speeches and performances by singer Pete Seeger and others and Congress went into recess so its members could speak to their constituents at Earth Day events.
The first Earth Day was effective at raising awareness about environmental issues and impacting public attitudes. According to the Environmental Protection Agency: "Public opinion polls indicate that a permanent change in national priorities followed Earth Day 1970”. When polled in May 1971, 25 percent of the U.S. public declared protecting the environment to be an important goal, a 2,500 percent increase over 1969." Today, it is hard to recall that most conservation organizations were uninvolved in lobbying against pollution in the 1960s -- not seeing what it had to do with wildlife -- and most urban-oriented groups were dismissive of the "birds and squirrels" groups.) By the end of 1970, the linkage was clear to all, and the next few years amply demonstrated the political power of their combined forces.
During the 1970s, a number of important pieces of environmental legislation were passed, among them the Clean Air Act, the Water Quality Improvement Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act and the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act.
Another key development was the establishment, in December 1970, of the Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, which was tasked with protecting human health and safeguarding the natural environment—air, water and land. Before the agency was founded, "the federal government was not structured to make a coordinated attack on the pollutants that harm human health and degrade the environment," according to EPA dot-gov.
Earth Day 1990.

When the National Earth Day Committee evaluated potential sponsors for the 20th anniversary of Earth Day, only SEVEN companies in the United States made the grade.
To get past the screening committee and become a sponsor, a company had to demonstrate a proven commitment to environmental values. If a company had not endorsed the Valdez Principles (now called Ceres)- a set of 10 rules - governing its behavior - it had to introduce a major corporate environmental program developed in conjunction with Earth Day Staff.
“No polluters were allowed,” , said Maureen Early, a spokeswoman at the National Earth Day Committee in Palo Alto, California. A research firm donated its services, so the group had access to the environmental records of companies. Early declined to name those that did not qualify, but said about 100 companies called the group. “We wanted to include corporations that are environmentally responsible and progressive,” said Christina Dresser, executive director of the The National Earth Day Committee.
As a result, the committee chose only seven corporations to be the official sponsors: Shaklee Corporation, Aveda Corporation, Church and Dwight Co. Inc., California Energy Inc., (a supplier of geothermal energy), Conservatree (recycled paper), and Smith and Hawken (a garden accessory supplier)
Dennis Hayes, who now was the chairman of the 20th anniversary of Earth Day, warned consumers against being wooed by companies with slick public relations messages that tout environmental concerns. In a magazine published by Environmental Action Inc., he stated “If polluting corporations have the temerity to wrap themselves in the Earth Day flag, then they should be held accountable to the public by making concrete changes in business practices or suffer public exposure.”
As the 20th anniversary of Earth Day approached, conditions seemed ripe to take Earth Day to an international audience. Ozone depletion, climate change, threats to the world's oceans, and other trans-boundary issues were receiving more media attention. A successful Earth Day could be instrumental in encouraging heads of state to personally attend the forthcoming UN Earth Summit in Brazil, and vote on behalf of several important conventions.
Hayes, by then an attorney, took leave from his law firm to serve as the full-time Chair and CEO. Senator Nelson, then Counselor to the Wilderness Society, agreed to serve as Honorary Chair, and he pursued an extensive speaking schedule on behalf of the event. As stated, Christina Desser was Executive Director, while Mark Dubois and Teresa McGlashin co-directed international outreach.

By April, 1990, events had been organized in 141 countries. Estimates of participants around the world ranged as high as 200 million.
Earth Day 2000+
In 2000, Earth Day focused on clean energy and involved hundreds of millions of people in 184 countries and 5,000 environmental groups, according to EDN. Activities ranged from a traveling, talking drum chain in Gabon, Africa, to a gathering of hundreds of thousands of people at the National Mall in Washington, D.C. Today, the Earth Day Network collaborates with over 17,000 partners and organizations in 174 countries. According to EDN, more than 1 billion people are involved in Earth Day activities, making it "the largest secular civic event in the world."
Earth Day '70: What It Meant, by Gaylord Nelson [EPA Journal - April 1980] excerpt
“In the 1970s, a sufficiently large and dispersed group of people recognized the fragility and finite nature of the Earth's ecosystem, understood that everything is connected to everything else, and accepted the responsibility not only to set straight the mistakes of the past but to avoid repeating them in the future. So long as the human species inhabits the Earth, proper management of its resources will be the most fundamental issue we face. Our very survival will depend upon whether or not we are able to preserve, protect and defend our environment. We are not free to decide about whether or not our environment "matters." It does matter, apart from any political exigencies. We disregard the needs of our ecosystem at our mortal peril. That was the great lesson of Earth Day. It must never be forgotten.” Senator Nelson (D-Wis.) proposed Earth Day '70.



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Dum Maro Dum Review | Dum Maro Dum Release date

Dum Maro Dum Review | Dum Maro Dum Release date 

Are you searching for Dum Maro Dum movie review and story or about Deepika padukone item number(dum maro dum song)?
Here we go -This film is the story of four people whose life intersects at Goa Airport. Lorry is a student in Goa, who wants to be with his girl friend when she goes to study in US. But his scholarship gets rejected and he becomes devastated. Just then another person offers him help but only if Lorry can help him back and that is at the cost of his life. The second character of Inspector Kamath, is running away from his own past. He is been given the task of destroying the drug mafia, operating in Goa. The third character, that of a DJ, Joki, loses everything in his life after his fight with a drug mafia. He finds that history will be repeating itself, but how can he save himself from it? The fourth character Zoe, an aspiring air hostess, finds that she reaches nowhere after travelling through the path of exploitation and unfulfilled dreams. A local business man, who has an upper hand in every legal and illegal business in Goa, is afraid because of Kamath’s arrival. But this businessman knows who can provide shelter for him in a difficult situation – a powerful man, with many identities and names but nobody knows him. The suspense thriller explores Goa through the life of these characters.




The opening montage of Dum Maro Dum shows you a Goa that you wouldn’t recognise. It’s sharp and edgy and sets the tone for the film. If you say a film doesn’t fall far from the title then you wouldn’t be wrong in guessing that Dum Maaro Dum definitely has a lot to do with drugs. Drugs mean power. Drugs also mean the wrong use of power. And it’s crucial in whose hands that power lies. Goa meri jaan, jannat ki shaan says the opening voice over. Only, this heaven’s infested with the scums of the earth who peddle drugs and traffic them.


Inspector Kamath wants to clean up this sewer. Only it’s not so easy. There are wolves in sheep’s clothing and the system is so deeply infected that only unorthodox methods will help.




So Lori (Pratik Babbar) is arrested for being a carrier. The poor boy was only trying to fund his scholarship abroad so he could untie with the love of his life but a mix of sex, alcohol and bad judgment leads him to a bad decision. Joki (Rana Daggubatti), a singer, vouches for his innocence but has no way of proving it. Inspector Kamath won’t believe him either. And then there is the menacing drug lord Lorsa Biscuta who loves to play good Samaritan in public. And troubled damsel always in distress Zoe (Bipasha Basu) has to grapple with too many inner demons not to mention an outer one in the form of Lorsa.


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